Search results for "QT interval"
showing 10 items of 32 documents
Addition of the Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Benzofuroxane Derivative BF-5m to Prolonged and Moderate Exercise Training Enhanced Protection of the Rat …
2019
Moderate exercise training may not be sufficient to exert beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system because of the long-term multifactorial etiology of diabetic complications. The addition of a proper pharmacological tool to the physical exercise should improve the outcomes of the diabetic damage. Here it is shown that 8 weeks exercise training of type 1 diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats resulted in a significantly increased heart rate, a 14% increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased plasma insulin levels and a 13% decrease in plasma glucose with respect to sedentary animals. The training also resulted in a 22% reduction in cardiac QT interval from a diabetic…
Information transfer in QT-RR dynamics: Application to QT-correction
2018
ABSTRACTThe relation between the electrical properties of the heart and the beating rate is essential for the heart functioning. This relation is central when calculating the “corrected QT interval” — an important measure of the risk of potentially lethal arrhythmias. We use the transfer entropy method from information theory to quantitatively study the mutual dynamics of the ventricular action potential duration (the QT interval) and the length of the beat-to-beat (RR) interval. We show that for healthy individuals there is a strong asymmetry in the information transfer: the information flow from RR to QT dominates over the opposite flow (from QT to RR), i.e. QT depends on RR to a larger e…
Safety and tolerability of slow-release oral morphine versus methadone in the treatment of opioid dependence
2014
Opioid substitution treatment (OST) for opioid dependence may be limited by adverse events (AEs). Increasing the range of therapeutic options optimizes outcomes and facilitates patient management. An international, multi-center, two-phase study investigated the efficacy and safety of slow-release oral morphine (SROM) versus methadone in patients receiving methadone therapy for opioid dependence. In phase 1 (two way cross-over, 11 weeks each period) patients were randomized to SROM or methadone oral solution. In phase 2 (25 weeks), patients continued treatment with SROM (group A) or switched from methadone to SROM (group B). In total, 211 out of 276 completed phase 1 and 198 entered phase 2 …
Safety of Long-Term Oral Posaconazole Use in the Treatment of Refractory Invasive Fungal Infections
2005
Background Invasive fungal infections are found most frequently in immunosuppressed and critically ill hospitalized patients. Antifungal therapy is often required for long periods. Safety data from the clinical development program of the triazole antifungal agent, posaconazole, were analyzed. Methods A total of 428 patients with refractory invasive fungal infections (n = 362) or febrile neutropenia (n = 66) received posaconazole in 2 phase II/III open-label clinical trials. Also, 109 of these patients received posaconazole therapy for > or = 6 months. Incidences of treatment-emergent, treatment-related, and serious adverse events and abnormal laboratory parameters were recorded during these…
The Disease-Specific Phenotype in Cardiomyocytes Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells of Two Long QT Syndrome Type 3 Patients
2013
Long QT syndromes (LQTS) are heritable diseases characterized by prolongation of the QT interval on an electrocardiogram, which often leads to syncope and sudden cardiac death. Here we report the generation of induced pluripotent stems (iPS) cells from two patients with LQTS type 3 carrying a different point mutation in a sodium channel Nav1.5 (p.V240M and p.R535Q) and functional characterization of cardiomyocytes (CM) derived from them. The iPS cells exhibited all characteristic properties of pluripotent stem cells, maintained the disease-specific mutation and readily differentiated to CM. The duration of action potentials at 50% and 90% repolarization was longer in LQTS-3 CM as compared t…
Escitalopram causes fewer seizures in human overdose than citalopram
2010
Seizures are a recognized complication of acute overdose with the racemic (1:1 ratio of R- and S-enantiomers) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant citalopram.We tested the hypothesis that escitalopram (the therapeutically active S-enantiomer of citalopram) causes fewer seizures in overdose than citalopram at comparable doses of the S-enantiomer.Multicenter retrospective review of cases with citalopram and escitalopram overdose reported to German, Austrian, and Swiss Poisons Centers between 1997 and 2006.316 citalopram and 63 escitalopram cases were analyzed. Somnolence, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, QT prolongation, and tremor occurred with similar frequency in both groups…
Acute effects of coffee on QT interval in healthy subjects
2011
Abstract The coronary endothelial function is recognized to have an important role in the physiology of the diastolic ventricular relaxation, a phase of the heart cycle that influences the electrocardiographic QT interval. Endothelial function is investigated in vivo by flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery and has proven to be a strong predictor of both coronary endothelial function and cardiovascular events. It has been reported that coffee acutely induces FMD changes. In particular, the brachial artery FMD seems to decrease after caffeinated coffee (CC) and to increase after decaffeinated coffee (DC) ingestion. Since the cardiovascular effects of coffee are still a debated …
Digoxin concentrations in serum and cantharides blister fluid: correlations with cardiac response.
1987
The relationship between the pharmacokinetics and dynamics of digoxin was investigated using a skin blistering technique that allows experimental access to tissue fluid concentrations. Eight healthy volunteers received digoxin, 1.0 mg, and placebo intravenously according to a double-blind crossover design. Drug concentrations were determined during a 72-hour period in serum, urine, and cantharides blister fluid (CBF). Digoxin levels in the hypothetic peripheral compartments were calculated from serum concentrations. Digoxin effects (total electromechanical systole [QS2c], left ventricular ejection time [LVETc], preejection period [PEPc], QTc time, heart rate, and T wave amplitude) were meas…
Dose-response relationships and plasma concentrations of digitalis glycosides in man.
1978
An inter-individual, randomized, double-blind study of digitoxin (Dt) and β-acetyl digoxin (D) was performed in 120 healthy male volunteers. Groups of 10 persons each received orally D 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 or 0.6 mg and Dt 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, or 0.16 mg daily for 7 days; Loading doses were given for the first three days. Plasma levels were measured with an86Rb-erythrocyte assay 24 h after the last dose. ECG, carotid artery pulse and phonocardiogram were recorded prior to (b) and 24 h after (a) the last dose. QTc, amplitude of T-waves in V2 to V6, electromechanical systole (QS2c) and left ventricular ejection time (LVETc) were measured. The differences between a and b (Δ-values) reflect …
Prevalence and correlates of QTc prolongation in Italian psychiatric care: cross-sectional multicentre study.
2016
Aims.In recent years several warnings have been issued by regulatory authorities on the risk of electrocardiogram abnormalities in individuals exposed to psychotropic drugs. As a consequence of these warnings, monitoring of the QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) has become increasingly common. This study was conducted to measure the frequency of QTc prolongation in unselected psychiatric patients, and to document the associated factors using a cross-sectional approach.Method.The study was carried out in 35 Italian psychiatric services that are part of the STAR (Servizi Territoriali Associati per la Ricerca) Network, a research group established to produce scientific knowledge by col…